Relative Clauses naudojame
Santykiniai sakiniai yra sudėtinių sakinių dalis ir pateikia svarbios informacijos apie asmenį ar daiktą.
The person who called you is my brother.
This is the restaurant where we first met.
Yra du santykinių sakinių tipai:
- Apibrėžiamosios santykinės šalutinės suteikia esminę informaciją
- Neapibrėžiamosios santykinės šalutinės suteikia papildomos, neesminės informacijos
Defining Relative Clauses
Apibrėžiamosios santykinės šalutinės suteikia esminę informaciją, todėl jų negalima pašalinti iš sakinio.- nėra atskiriami kableliais
-
santykinį įvardį galima pakeisti žodžiu “that”
The teacher who helped me was very kind. The teacher that helped me was very kind.The laptop which I bought yesterday is expensive. The laptop that I bought yesterday is expensive.
-
kai kuriais atvejais įvardis who / which / that gali būti praleistas, jei jis yra šalutinio sakinio objektas
The movie that we watched yesterday was amazing. The movie we watched yesterday was amazing.The person who I met at the conference was very friendly. The person I met at the conference was very friendly.The book which she recommended helped me a lot. The book she recommended helped me a lot.
-
po žodžių all, everything, nothing, something, anything, the only, the first, the last paprastai nevartojame which ar who — vietoj jų dažniausiai vartojame that.
All that we need now is a little patience.
Everything that he said was true.
Nothing that you do can change the situation.
Something that you told me yesterday made me think.
Anything that helps you learn is worth trying.
She is the only person that understands me.
This is the first book that really inspired me.
That was the last message that he sent me.
Defining Relative Clauses examples
The student who sits next to me is from Brazil.
The car that I bought last year is already having problems.
The restaurant where we usually have lunch is closed today.
The woman whose laptop was stolen called the security guard.
The book that you recommended helped me understand the topic.
Non-defining Relative Clauses
nenustatomosios šalutinės sakinio dalys pateikia papildomos, neesminės informacijos, kurią galima pašalinti nepakeičiant pagrindinės minties.-
visada atskiriami kableliais
My sister, who lives in Paris, is visiting me next month.
-
mes vartojame who / which / whose / whom; negalime vartoti that
This book, which was published in 1990, is now very rare.
-
nenustatomuosiuose sakiniuose santykinio įvardžio negalima praleisti
The museum, where we spent the whole day, is being renovated.
-
Which gali reikšti visą ankstesnį sakinį ir pakomentuoti situaciją
She didn’t come to the meeting, which surprised everyone.
Defining Relative Clauses examples
My brother, who works as a lawyer, lives in London.
This laptop, which I bought on sale, has a very good battery life.
Our teacher, who is very strict, rarely cancels classes.
The museum, which was founded in 1920, attracts thousands of visitors every year.
Paris, where I spent my childhood, will always feel like home to me.