Relative Clauses használjuk
A vonatkozó mellékmondatok az összetett mondatok részei, és fontos információkat adnak egy személyről vagy dologról.
The person who called you is my brother.
This is the restaurant where we first met.
Kétféle vonatkozó mellékmondat létezik:
- Meghatározó vonatkozó mellékmondatok lényeges információt adnak
- Nem meghatározó vonatkozó mellékmondatok további, nem létfontosságú információt adnak
Defining Relative Clauses
Meghatározó vonatkozó mellékmondatok lényeges információt adnak, ezért nem lehet őket eltávolítani a mondatból.- nem választjuk el vesszőkkel
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a vonatkozó névmás helyettesíthető a “that” szóval
The teacher who helped me was very kind. The teacher that helped me was very kind.The laptop which I bought yesterday is expensive. The laptop that I bought yesterday is expensive.
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bizonyos esetekben a vonatkozó névmás who / which / that elhagyható, ha a mellékmondat tárgya
The movie that we watched yesterday was amazing. The movie we watched yesterday was amazing.The person who I met at the conference was very friendly. The person I met at the conference was very friendly.The book which she recommended helped me a lot. The book she recommended helped me a lot.
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az all, everything, nothing, something, anything, the only, the first, the last szavak után általában nem használjuk a which vagy who szavakat — helyettük többnyire that-et használunk.
All that we need now is a little patience.
Everything that he said was true.
Nothing that you do can change the situation.
Something that you told me yesterday made me think.
Anything that helps you learn is worth trying.
She is the only person that understands me.
This is the first book that really inspired me.
That was the last message that he sent me.
Defining Relative Clauses examples
The student who sits next to me is from Brazil.
The car that I bought last year is already having problems.
The restaurant where we usually have lunch is closed today.
The woman whose laptop was stolen called the security guard.
The book that you recommended helped me understand the topic.
Non-defining Relative Clauses
a nem meghatározó vonatkozói mellékmondatok kiegészítő, nem lényeges információt adnak, amely eltávolítható anélkül, hogy a fő jelentés megváltozna.-
mindig vesszőkkel vannak elválasztva
My sister, who lives in Paris, is visiting me next month.
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who / which / whose / whom-ot használunk; that nem használhatunk
This book, which was published in 1990, is now very rare.
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a nem meghatározó mellékmondatokban a vonatkozó névmást nem lehet elhagyni
The museum, where we spent the whole day, is being renovated.
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a Which az egész megelőző mellékmondatra utalhat, és kommentálhatja a helyzetet
She didn’t come to the meeting, which surprised everyone.
Defining Relative Clauses examples
My brother, who works as a lawyer, lives in London.
This laptop, which I bought on sale, has a very good battery life.
Our teacher, who is very strict, rarely cancels classes.
The museum, which was founded in 1920, attracts thousands of visitors every year.
Paris, where I spent my childhood, will always feel like home to me.