Relative Clauses verwenden
Relativsätze sind Bestandteile komplexer Sätze und liefern wichtige Informationen über eine Person oder eine Sache.
The person who called you is my brother.
This is the restaurant where we first met.
Es gibt zwei Arten von Relativsätzen:
- Bestimmende Relativsätze liefern wesentliche Informationen
- Nicht-bestimmende Relativsätze liefern zusätzliche, nicht wesentliche Informationen
Defining Relative Clauses
Bestimmende Relativsätze liefern wesentliche Informationen, daher können wir sie nicht aus dem Satz entfernen.- werden nicht durch Kommata getrennt
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das Relativpronomen kann durch „that“ ersetzt werden
The teacher who helped me was very kind. The teacher that helped me was very kind.The laptop which I bought yesterday is expensive. The laptop that I bought yesterday is expensive.
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in einigen Fällen kann das Relativpronomen who / which / that weggelassen werden, wenn es das Objekt des Relativsatzes ist
The movie that we watched yesterday was amazing. The movie we watched yesterday was amazing.The person who I met at the conference was very friendly. The person I met at the conference was very friendly.The book which she recommended helped me a lot. The book she recommended helped me a lot.
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nach den Wörtern all, everything, nothing, something, anything, the only, the first, the last verwenden wir normalerweise nicht which oder who — stattdessen benutzen wir meist that.
All that we need now is a little patience.
Everything that he said was true.
Nothing that you do can change the situation.
Something that you told me yesterday made me think.
Anything that helps you learn is worth trying.
She is the only person that understands me.
This is the first book that really inspired me.
That was the last message that he sent me.
Defining Relative Clauses examples
The student who sits next to me is from Brazil.
The car that I bought last year is already having problems.
The restaurant where we usually have lunch is closed today.
The woman whose laptop was stolen called the security guard.
The book that you recommended helped me understand the topic.
Non-defining Relative Clauses
nicht definierende Relativsätze liefern zusätzliche, nicht wesentliche Informationen, die entfernt werden können, ohne die Hauptaussage zu verändern.-
werden immer durch Kommas getrennt
My sister, who lives in Paris, is visiting me next month.
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wir verwenden who / which / whose / whom; wir können that nicht verwenden
This book, which was published in 1990, is now very rare.
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im nicht definierenden Relativsatz kann das Relativpronomen nicht weggelassen werden
The museum, where we spent the whole day, is being renovated.
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Which kann sich auf den gesamten vorherigen Satz beziehen und die Situation kommentieren
She didn’t come to the meeting, which surprised everyone.
Defining Relative Clauses examples
My brother, who works as a lawyer, lives in London.
This laptop, which I bought on sale, has a very good battery life.
Our teacher, who is very strict, rarely cancels classes.
The museum, which was founded in 1920, attracts thousands of visitors every year.
Paris, where I spent my childhood, will always feel like home to me.